Cuc Phuong National Park – Vietnam’s First National Park with Ancient Forests

Cuc Phuong National Park, located in Ninh Binh Province, is Vietnam’s first and oldest national park, established in 1962. Spanning over 22,000 hectares, the park is home to pristine tropical rainforests, diverse wildlife, and significant archaeological sites. As one of Vietnam’s most important conservation areas, Cuc Phuong is a paradise for nature lovers, hikers, and wildlife enthusiasts.

This national park is not only a biodiversity hotspot but also a place where visitors can explore ancient forests, limestone mountains, caves, and rare animal species. Whether you seek adventure, cultural heritage, or a peaceful retreat into nature, Cuc Phuong offers an unforgettable experience.

1. Introduction to Cuc Phuong National Park

Cuc Phuong National Park is located about 120 kilometers southwest of Hanoi, bordering Ninh Binh, Thanh Hoa, and Hoa Binh provinces. The park’s terrain is characterized by towering limestone karsts, dense forests, and deep valleys, creating a landscape of exceptional beauty.

As Vietnam’s first national park, Cuc Phuong plays a crucial role in protecting endangered species and preserving the country’s natural heritage. It is home to more than 2,000 plant species, 133 mammal species, 336 bird species, 122 reptile species, and 66 fish species.

2. What Makes Cuc Phuong National Park Special?

Ancient Forests with Towering Trees

Cuc Phuong is famous for its ancient trees, some of which are over 1,000 years old. The park’s primary forests are filled with giant trees with sprawling roots, vines, and dense canopies that create a magical, untouched atmosphere. Some notable trees include:

• Thousand-Year-Old Tree (Parashorea chinensis) – One of the largest and oldest trees in the park.
• Dracontomelon Tree – A massive tree with twisting roots, a favorite for photographers.

Walking through Cuc Phuong’s ancient forests feels like stepping back in time, with towering trees, exotic plants, and the sounds of birds and insects filling the air.

Rich Biodiversity and Rare Wildlife

Cuc Phuong is a haven for wildlife, particularly endangered primates, reptiles, and birds. Some of the rare species found here include:

• Delacour’s Langur – An endangered monkey species unique to Vietnam.
• Clouded Leopard – A rare and elusive big cat.
• Asian Black Bear – Found in the dense forests of the park.
• Over 300 Bird Species – Including colorful hornbills, pheasants, and kingfishers.

The best time for wildlife spotting is early morning or late afternoon, when animals are most active.

Prehistoric Caves and Archaeological Sites

Cuc Phuong is home to several caves with archaeological significance, containing ancient human artifacts dating back 7,000 to 12,000 years. Some of the most famous caves include:

• Cave of Prehistoric Man – Where ancient human skeletons and stone tools were discovered.
• Mang Chieng Cave – A site with evidence of early human habitation.

These caves provide insight into Vietnam’s prehistoric past, making the park not only a natural wonder but also a cultural and historical treasure.

The Endangered Primate Rescue Center

One of Cuc Phuong’s highlights is the Endangered Primate Rescue Center, which rehabilitates and protects rare monkey species. Visitors can see and learn about:

• Delacour’s Langur
• Golden-Headed Langur
• Black-Shanked Douc Langur

The center plays a crucial role in conservation efforts, helping protect and rehabilitate these endangered primates before releasing them back into the wild.

Butterfly Season – A Unique Spectacle

From April to June, Cuc Phuong becomes a butterfly paradise, with thousands of colorful butterflies filling the air. This magical sight is one of the best reasons to visit the park in late spring.

3. Things to Do in Cuc Phuong National Park

Trekking and Hiking

Cuc Phuong offers several hiking trails through its ancient forests, limestone mountains, and hidden caves. Some popular routes include:

• Short Forest Walks – Easy hikes to see ancient trees and scenic landscapes.
• Thousand-Year-Old Tree Trail – A moderate hike leading to one of the park’s most famous trees.
• May Bac Peak (Silver Cloud Peak) – The highest point in Cuc Phuong, offering panoramic views of the park.

Wildlife Watching

Cuc Phuong is one of the best places in Vietnam for wildlife spotting, especially early in the morning or at night. The park offers night tours, where visitors can see:

• Flying Squirrels
• Slow Lorises
• Civet Cats

For birdwatchers, Cuc Phuong is a dream destination, with rare species like the Bar-Bellied Pitta and Silver Pheasant.

Cycling Through the Park

For a unique experience, visitors can rent bicycles and cycle along the park’s scenic roads, passing through dense forests, rivers, and limestone cliffs.

Visiting Local Ethnic Villages

The park is surrounded by Muong ethnic minority villages, where visitors can experience traditional culture, homestays, and local food. Many villages offer handmade crafts and traditional performances.

4. Best Time to Visit Cuc Phuong National Park

The best time to visit Cuc Phuong depends on what you want to experience:

• April to June – Best time for butterfly watching.
• September to November – Ideal weather for trekking, with cool temperatures.
• December to February – Chilly but great for exploring caves and forests.

It is best to avoid visiting during July and August, as the rainy season can make hiking trails muddy and slippery.

5. How to Get to Cuc Phuong National Park

Cuc Phuong National Park is located about 120 kilometers from Hanoi and can be reached by:

• Car/Motorbike – A 2.5-hour drive from Hanoi via Ninh Binh.
• Public Bus – Take a bus from Hanoi to Nho Quan Town, then a taxi or motorbike to the park.
• Organized Tours – Many eco-tourism companies offer day trips or overnight tours from Hanoi or Ninh Binh.

6. Essential Travel Tips

• Wear comfortable hiking shoes – Trails can be uneven and slippery.
• Bring insect repellent and sunscreen – The park is dense with vegetation.
• Carry enough water and snacks – Food options inside the park are limited.
• Start hikes early – Mornings are cooler and better for wildlife spotting.
• Respect nature – Do not litter or disturb wildlife.

7. Why Visit Cuc Phuong National Park?

Cuc Phuong National Park is a destination that offers:

• Pristine ancient forests with towering trees.
• Incredible biodiversity with rare wildlife.
• Rich cultural and archaeological history.
• Scenic hiking trails and outdoor adventures.
• Opportunities for eco-tourism and conservation awareness.

For nature lovers, history enthusiasts, and adventure seekers, Cuc Phuong National Park is a must-visit destination. Whether trekking through ancient forests, exploring prehistoric caves, or spotting rare primates, every visitor leaves with a deep appreciation for Vietnam’s natural beauty and conservation efforts.

Plan your trip to Cuc Phuong National Park and experience the wonder of Vietnam’s first national park.